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Detroit automakers and union leaders spar over 4,800 layoffs at non-striking factories_我的网站

蛇蝎美人第二季

一 | 1月10日，CNBC报道，亚马逊首席执行官杰夫·贝佐斯和妻子麦肯齐周三宣布“友好离婚”。这对他的个人财富和公司帝国意味着什么？图片：2017年2月26日，亚马逊首席执行官杰夫·贝索斯和作家妻子麦肯齐·贝索斯在加利福尼亚州西好莱坞出席了亚马逊电影公司的奥斯卡颁奖典礼，贝索斯因创建亚马逊而闻名。 DETROIT -- Detroit's three automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the United Auto Workers strikes, which have lasted for nearly four weeks.The companies say the strikes have nevertheless forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes. In one case, layoffs have been imposed at a factory that uses supplies from a parts factory on strike.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less favorable terms in negotiations with automakers. The factories that have been affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. “We’re not looking at huge numbers of workers relative to the ones actually being struck. But there is fallout.”In a statement, Bryce Currie, vice president of Americas manufacturing at Ford, said: “While we are doing what we can to avoid layoffs, we have no choice but to reduce production of parts that would be destined for a plant that is on strike."UAW President Shawn Fain countered in a statement that the automakers were using layoffs to pressure the union into settling the strike. With billions in profits, Fain argued, the companies don’t have to lay off a single employee.The UAW began striking against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The next week, the union expanded the strike to 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. All told, about 25,000 workers have walked off their jobs at the three automakers. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. By contrast, anyone who is laid off would qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. “Their plan won’t work,” Fain said. “The UAW will make sure any worker laid off in the Big Three’s latest attack will not go without an income.”GM said it has laid off 2,330 workers, including 1,600 at a temporarily closed assembly plant in Kansas City, Kansas, that makes the Chevrolet Malibu sedan and Cadillac XT4 small SUV. The plant uses metal parts produced at the GM plant in Wentzville, Missouri, which is on strike. Other GM facilities that have been affected by layoffs are in Lockport, New York; Toledo, Ohio; Marion, Indiana; Parma, Ohio; and Lansing, Michigan.Ford said it has laid off 1,865 workers. They include 600 auto-body and parts-stamping employees in Wayne, Michigan, who are not on strike but who have been affected by a nearby assembly plant that has been struck. Other Ford locations with layoffs include Chicago; Sterling Heights and Livonia, Michigan; and Cleveland and Lima, Ohio. Stellantis said late Monday that it had laid off about 640 workers, including 520 at an engine factory complex in Trenton, Michigan, that supplies a Jeep plant in Toledo, Ohio, that is on strike. Other locations with layoffs include a metal casting plant in Kokomo, Indiana, and a machining factory in Toledo. Fiorani said that if the strike widens, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Once metal stamping factories that supply multiple assembly plants have produced enough parts for non-striking facilities, the companies would likely shut them down.“Once you've filled up the stocks for the other plants you supply," he said, “you have to lay off the workers and wait out the strike.”Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.Fiorani said that while larger parts suppliers can likely withstand the strike, smaller companies that make parts for the bigger companies might not have enough cash or the ability to borrow to outlast the job actions. Some, he said, may have a couple dozen workers “and don't have billions in value to use as collateral in loans,” he said. Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry's ongoing transition to electric vehicles.。他仍然是公司的最大股东。根据亚马逊2018年提交的委托书，贝佐斯拥有亚马逊16.3%的股份。他还创立了Blue Origin，并在与麦肯锡结婚25年后买下了《华盛顿邮报》。

二 | 亚马逊总部设在华盛顿州，贝索斯拥有一个豪华的家。根据国家法律，这所豪宅属于“夫妻共同财产”。

三 | 这意味着，如果贝索斯在那里申请离婚，他们婚姻期间积累的所有资产和负债将被视为双方的配偶所有。法律规定，除婚前协议另有规定外，这些财产应当公平分配。目前还不清楚这对夫妇是否有这样的协议。西雅图的离婚律师大卫•斯塔克斯（DavidStarks）说，资产的公平分配并不总是意味着资产的平等分配。他说，在典型情况下，法院会设法平衡资产，以便双方在长期内大致平等。例如，如果一个配偶有更大的收入潜力，他或她可能会获得更少的资产，因为他或她更可能从长远来看支持自己。

四 | 但在贝索斯案中，彭博亿万富翁指数显示贝索斯的净资产高达1370亿美元，法院可能会平均分配这笔钱。”当你选择以亿万富翁的身份离婚时，法院似乎不太可能花时间来确定谁在10年内会更富有，”Rigs说。股东们更担心离婚会如何影响贝索斯对亚马逊的控制。许多行业专家不确定会发生什么。毕竟，自公司成立以来，很少有具有如此影响力的公司创办人与彼此奋斗的配偶离婚。唯一的例子可能是鲁珀特·默多克，他和他的第二任妻子安娜建立了一个媒体帝国，安娜在1999年离婚前结婚30多年，但据报道他签署了婚前协议。乔治梅森大学（George Mason University）法律助理教授乔丹·内兰（约旦·内兰）曾写过有关CEO离婚的文章，他说贝索斯家族在不大量投资亚马逊股票的情况下，可能很难分配财富。”曾经有很多CEO离婚，但他们都是在成为CEO之前积累了大量财富的专业人士，”尼兰说。

五 | 所以我认为这就是为什么贝索斯离婚案不同的原因。他是亚马逊的创始人，在任职期间离婚。通常，CEO可以通过将其他资产（如房地产）留给配偶来避免股票分割。但尼兰说：“对贝索斯人来说，他们所有的财富都将集中在亚马逊。在这种情况下，我不知道如何处理如此巨大的财富，但我认为他的配偶将得到亚马逊股票的一部分。因此，这将改变亚马逊的所有权结构。尼兰补充说，这可能意味着亚马逊需要找到一个新的结构，以确保贝索斯的股票仍然有足够的投票权，就像创建具有不同投票权的不同类别的股票一样。”他说：“这绝对是一项创造性的律师业务。